The development process of solar cells has mainly gone through three stages:
The first stage, mainly polycrystalline silicon, monocrystalline silicon solar cells.
The second stage, mainly amorphous silicon thin film solar cells and crystalline silicon thin film solar cells.
The third stage, mainly perovskite solar cells, quantum dot solar cells, organic solar cells and other new concept solar cells.
At present, polycrystalline silicon and monocrystalline silicon solar cells occupy 90% of the market. Other solar cells are expensive, and they are not cost-effective now, but they are the development direction of solar cells in the future.
Let’s popularize the relevant knowledge of crystalline silicon solar cell modules.
The development of crystalline silicon solar cells, based on high-purity silicon-based materials, is finally divided into polycrystalline silicon and monocrystalline silicon under the action of two different processes.
The silicon-based material undergoes a rod pulling process to become a single crystal silicon rod, and then slices to become a single crystal silicon wafer;
Silicon-based materials go through the ingot casting process to become polycrystalline silicon ingots, which are then sliced to become polycrystalline silicon wafer.
With the cells, the next job is to make the components:
Glue the photovoltaic glass and cells together with EVA film to form a laminate; use a laminator to laminate the laminate into a whole, use silicone/tape to fit the laminate into the aluminum frame, and then install a junction box; After the silica gel is cured, a photovoltaic module is made.
The 4 main differences between mono PV and poly PV panels:
- The visible difference
Mono PV cells are dark blue and rectangular.
Poly PV cells are light blue and square.
- Turnover efficiency difference
At present, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is about 19%, and the highest is 21%, which is the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency among all types of solar cells. The production process of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is similar to that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is much lower, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is about 15%.
3. Cost of manufacturing difference
Monocrystalline silicon is quite expensive to manufacture that it has not been widely and universally used in large quantities. In terms of production cost, polycrystalline silicon is cheaper than monocrystalline silicon solar cells, the material is simple to manufacture, power consumption is saved, and the total production cost is lower, so it has been greatly developed.
4. The service lifetime difference
The service life of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is also shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. Monocrystalline silicon is generally packaged with tempered glass and waterproof resin, so it is durable and has a service life of generally 15 years and a maximum of 25 years. . In terms of cost performance, monocrystalline silicon solar cells are slightly better for solar system use.
